论文标题
部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测
Congruity of the Crab pulsar's gamma-ray spectrum with the spectral distribution of tightly focused caustics
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具，其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而，其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间，然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用，该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明，使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器，即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程，也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后，我们表明，当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声，甚至控制方程变得不准确时，我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测，从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
The spectrum derived here for the most tightly-focused component of the radiation generated by the superluminally moving current sheet in the magnetrosphere of a non-aligned neutron star has a distribution function that fits the entire gamma-ray spectrum of the Crab pulsar on its own. This is the first time that the undivided breadth of this spectrum, from 10^2 to 10^6 MeV, is not only described by a single distribution function but is also explained by means of a single emission mechanism. To illustrate that the derived function describes the spectral distribution of the high-energy emission from any non-aligned neutron star, we analyse, in addition, the spectra of two other gamma-ray pulsars for which sufficiently large datasets are available: PSR J0101-6422 and PSR J1709-4429. From the connection between the parameters of the fitted spectra and the physical characteristics of their sources, we moreover infer certain attributes of the magnetospheres of the analysed pulsars: the angle between the magnetic and spin axes of their central neutron stars, the scale factor of the electric current density that is associated with their current sheet, and the privileged latitudinal direction (relative to the spin axis) in which they are observed.
