论文标题

部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测

CEC-CNN: A Consecutive Expansion-Contraction Convolutional Network for Very Small Resolution Medical Image Classification

论文作者

Vezakis, Ioannis, Vezakis, Antonios, Gourtsoyianni, Sofia, Koutoulidis, Vassilis, Matsopoulos, George K., Koutsouris, Dimitrios

论文摘要

用于图像分类的深卷卷卷神经网络(CNNS)依次交替交替进行卷积和下采样操作,例如合并层或陷入困境的卷积,从而导致较低的分辨率特征网络越深。这些降采样操作节省了计算资源,并在下一层提供了一些翻译不变性以及更大的接收领域。但是,这样做的固有副作用是,在网络深端产生的高级特征始终以低分辨率特征图捕获。逆也是如此,因为浅层层总是包含小规模的特征。在生物医学图像分析中,工程师通常的任务是对仅带有有限信息的非常小的图像贴片进行分类。从本质上讲,这些补丁甚至可能不包含对象,分类取决于图像纹理中未知尺度的微妙基础模式的检测。在这些情况下,每个信息都是有价值的。因此,重要的是要提取最大数量的信息功能。在这些考虑因素的驱动下,我们引入了一种新的CNN体​​系结构,该体系结构可通过利用跳过连接以及连续的收缩和特征图的扩展来保留深,中间和浅层层的多尺度特征。使用来自胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)CT扫描的分辨率非常低的数据集,我们证明我们的网络可以胜过最先进的最新模型。

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image classification successively alternate convolutions and downsampling operations, such as pooling layers or strided convolutions, resulting in lower resolution features the deeper the network gets. These downsampling operations save computational resources and provide some translational invariance as well as a bigger receptive field at the next layers. However, an inherent side-effect of this is that high-level features, produced at the deep end of the network, are always captured in low resolution feature maps. The inverse is also true, as shallow layers always contain small scale features. In biomedical image analysis engineers are often tasked with classifying very small image patches which carry only a limited amount of information. By their nature, these patches may not even contain objects, with the classification depending instead on the detection of subtle underlying patterns with an unknown scale in the image's texture. In these cases every bit of information is valuable; thus, it is important to extract the maximum number of informative features possible. Driven by these considerations, we introduce a new CNN architecture which preserves multi-scale features from deep, intermediate, and shallow layers by utilizing skip connections along with consecutive contractions and expansions of the feature maps. Using a dataset of very low resolution patches from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) CT scans we demonstrate that our network can outperform current state of the art models.

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