论文标题
融合能量对脱碳的美国电网的价值
The value of fusion energy to a decarbonized United States electric grid
论文作者
论文摘要
融合可能是未来脱碳电力系统的一部分，但它需要与其他技术竞争。尤其是，脉冲的托卡马克植物具有独特的操作模式，并评估哪些特征使它们具有经济竞争性可以帮助选择设计途径。使用容量的扩展和操作模型，我们确定了脉冲Tokamaks的成本阈值，以在未来的美国东部相互联系中达到一系列穿透水平。达到100 GW的融合能力所需的资本成本从\ $ 3000/kW到\ $ 7200/kW不等，平衡穿透力随着成本降低而迅速增加。每单位功率容量的值取决于可变运营成本以及竞争成本，尤其是裂变的成本，远大于脉冲周期参数。因此，这些发现可以在美国更普遍地为融合提供初始成本目标。
Fusion could be a part of future decarbonized electricity systems, but it will need to compete with other technologies. In particular, pulsed tokamak plants have a unique operational mode, and evaluating which characteristics make them economically competitive can help select between design pathways. Using a capacity expansion and operations model, we determined cost thresholds for pulsed tokamaks to reach a range of penetration levels in a future decarbonized US Eastern Interconnection. The required capital cost to reach a fusion capacity of 100 GW varied from \$3000/kW to \$7200/kW, and the equilibrium penetration increases rapidly with decreasing cost. The value per unit power capacity depends on the variable operational cost and on the cost of its competition, particularly fission, much more than on the pulse cycle parameters. These findings can therefore provide initial cost targets for fusion more generally in the United States.
