论文标题

通过潮汐诱发的螺旋在飞翔的相互作用中激发圆盘星系中垂直呼吸运动的激发

Excitation of vertical breathing motion in disc galaxies by tidally-induced spirals in fly-by interactions

论文作者

Kumar, Ankit, Ghosh, Soumavo, Kataria, Sandeep Kumar, Das, Mousumi, Debattista, Victor P.

论文摘要

现在很明显,太阳街中的恒星显示大规模连贯的垂直呼吸运动。同时,类似银河系的星系在进化过程中与卫星/同伴经历了潮汐互动。尽管这些潮汐相互作用可以激发垂直振荡,但仍不清楚垂直呼吸运动是否会被潮汐遇到的垂直呼吸运动\ textit {直接},还是由潮汐诱发的螺旋驱动。我们通过构建一组$ n $ body型号(具有质量比5:1)的一组未绑定的,单一的飞行相互作用与不同的轨道配置来测试呼吸动作的激发是否直接与潮流相互作用。我们首先重现了众所周知的结果,即这种飞行的相互作用可以激发宿主星系外光盘上强烈的瞬态螺旋(持续$ \ sim 2.9-4.2 $ gyr)。螺旋的产生和强度与轨道参数(相互作用角度和轨道自旋矢量)变化。此外,我们证明了我们的飞行模型表现出连贯的呼吸运动,其振幅随着高度而增加。呼吸运动的振幅显示出沿方位向的特征调制,其压缩呼吸运动与螺旋的峰值并扩大了臂间区域中落入螺旋的呼吸运动 - 螺旋驱动的呼吸运动的标志。当强烈的潮汐引起的螺旋臂消失时,我们模型中的这些呼吸动作结束了。因此,正是潮汐引起的螺旋驱动我们的飞行模型中的大规模呼吸运动,而在这种情况下,潮汐相互作用的动态作用是间接的。

It is now clear that the stars in the Solar neighbourhood display large-scale coherent vertical breathing motions. At the same time, Milky Way-like galaxies experience tidal interactions with satellites/companions during their evolution. While these tidal interactions can excite vertical oscillations, it is still not clear whether vertical breathing motions are excited \textit{directly} by the tidal encounters or are driven by the tidally-induced spirals. We test whether excitation of breathing motions are directly linked to tidal interactions by constructing a set of $N$-body models (with mass ratio 5:1) of unbound, single fly-by interactions with varying orbital configurations. We first reproduce the well-known result that such fly-by interactions can excite strong transient spirals (lasting for $\sim 2.9-4.2$ Gyr) in the outer disc of the host galaxy. The generation and strength of the spirals are shown to vary with the orbital parameters (the angle of interaction, and the orbital spin vector). Furthermore, we demonstrate that our fly-by models exhibit coherent breathing motions whose amplitude increases with height. The amplitudes of breathing motions show characteristic modulation along the azimuthal direction, with compressing breathing motions coinciding with the peaks of the spirals and expanding breathing motions falling in the inter-arm regions -- a signature of a spiral-driven breathing motion. These breathing motions in our models end when the strong tidally-induced spiral arms fade away. Thus, it is the tidally-induced spirals which drive the large-scale breathing motions in our fly-by models, and the dynamical role of the tidal interaction in this context is indirect.

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