论文标题
社区战略框架 - 如何在精英开源软件社区中对需求产生影响?
A Community Strategy Framework -- How to obtain Influence on Requirements in Meritocratic Open Source Software Communities?
论文作者
论文摘要
上下文:在开源软件(OSS)社区的需求工程(RE)过程中,参与的公司是许多人中的利益相关者。矛盾的议程可能会与公司的内部需求策略建立错过一致。在具有精英治理或其各个方面的社区中,一家公司有机会通过积极和共生的交往来影响其自己的议程,以与自己的议程相一致。 目的:这项研究的重点是确定当公司评估影响OSS社区中RE流程的需求以及应考虑哪些参与实践以获得这种影响时,他们应该考虑哪些方面。 方法:使用设计科学方法,对来自12个不同软件密集型公司的18位行业专业人员进行了21次访谈,以探索,设计和验证问题背景的工件。 结果:提出了一个社区战略框架(CSF),以帮助企业创建社区策略,描述他们是否以及为什么需要在特定(精致的)OSS社区中对RE过程的影响,以及公司如何获得它。该框架由方面和参与实践组成。这些方面有助于确定OSS项目及其社区的重要性,从业务和技术角度来看。在考虑获得影响的可行性和潜力时,使用社区的观点。参与实践旨在作为企业如何与社区互动以建立所需影响的工具框。 结论:从基于面试的验证中得出结论,拟议中的CSF可能会为公司提供和量身定制社区战略的公司提供支持,并帮助他们将资源集中在重要的社区上,并获得对各自RE流程所需的影响。
Context: In the Requirements Engineering (RE) process of an Open Source Software (OSS) community, an involved firm is a stakeholder among many. Conflicting agendas may create miss-alignment with the firm's internal requirements strategy. In communities with meritocratic governance or with aspects thereof, a firm has the opportunity to affect the RE process in line with their own agenda by gaining influence through active and symbiotic engagements. Objective: The focus of this study has been to identify what aspects that firms should consider when they assess their need of influencing the RE process in an OSS community, as well as what engagement practices that should be considered in order to gain this influence. Method: Using a design science approach, 21 interviews with 18 industry professionals from 12 different software-intensive firms were conducted to explore, design and validate an artifact for the problem context. Results: A Community Strategy Framework (CSF) is presented to help firms create community strategies that describe if and why they need influence on the RE process in a specific (meritocratic) OSS community, and how the firm could gain it. The framework consists of aspects and engagement practices. The aspects help determine how important an OSS project and its community is from business and technical perspectives. A community perspective is used when considering the feasibility and potential in gaining influence. The engagement practices are intended as a tool-box for how a firm can engage with a community in order to build influence needed. Conclusion: It is concluded from interview-based validation that the proposed CSF may provide support for firms in creating and tailoring community strategies and help them to focus resources on communities that matter and gain the influence needed on their respective RE processes.