论文标题
烟火：JWST捕获的高红色的球状簇
The Sparkler: Evolved High-Redshift Globular Clusters Captured by JWST
论文作者
论文摘要
使用JWST的数据，我们分析了位于$ Z {\ rm Spec} = 1.378 $ Galaxy（“ Sparkler”）周围的紧凑源（“闪光”），该量子在$ z = 0.39 $ = 0.39 $ GALAXY $ GALAXY群集J0723.3-3-7327上强烈重力。这些紧凑型源中的几个可以在多个图像中交叉识别，这清楚地表明它们与宿主星系相关。将JWST的{\ em近红外摄像头}（nircam）的数据与来自{\ em Hubble Space望远镜}（HST）的档案数据结合在一起，我们对这些对象的数据进行了0.4-4.4 $ m $ m的光度计，发现其中几个是非常红色的，并且与Quented of Red and Collecte and Colles colless of Quenched of Quench of Quench of of of旧的Stellar Systems。形态拟合证实，即使在强烈放大的JWST/NIRCAM图像中，这些红色源在空间上也无法解决，而JWST/NIRISS光谱显示[OIII] 5007在烟火体内发射[OIIII] 5007，但在红色紧凑型闪光中没有恒星形成。这些紧凑的红色伴侣对烟火的最自然解释是，它们是在$ z = 1.378 $中进化的球状簇。将\ textsc {浓度基}应用于样本，我们推断出这些球状聚类候选者的$ z_ {form} \ sim 7-11 $的$ z_ {form} \ sim 7-11 $，对应于$ \ sim 3.9-4.1 $ gyr的年龄在观察时期和组合时间$ \ sim $ 0.5 $ 0.5 gyr y hig gig gyr。如果用其他光谱法确认，这些红色的紧凑型“闪光”代表了在高红移处发现的第一个进化的球状簇，可能是最早观察到的物体在宇宙中淬灭恒星的形成，并可能为理解球状簇形成的新窗口打开一个新窗口。重现我们的结果的数据和代码将在\ fagithub \ href {https://niriss.github.io/sparkler.html} {http://canucs-jwst.com/sparkler.html}中提供。
Using data from JWST, we analyze the compact sources ("sparkles") located around a remarkable $z_{\rm spec}=1.378$ galaxy (the "Sparkler") that is strongly gravitationally lensed by the $z=0.39$ galaxy cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327. Several of these compact sources can be cross-identified in multiple images, making it clear that they are associated with the host galaxy. Combining data from JWST's {\em Near-Infrared Camera} (NIRCam) with archival data from the {\em Hubble Space Telescope} (HST), we perform 0.4-4.4$μ$m photometry on these objects, finding several of them to be very red and consistent with the colors of quenched, old stellar systems. Morphological fits confirm that these red sources are spatially unresolved even in strongly magnified JWST/NIRCam images, while JWST/NIRISS spectra show [OIII]5007 emission in the body of the Sparkler but no indication of star formation in the red compact sparkles. The most natural interpretation of these compact red companions to the Sparkler is that they are evolved globular clusters seen at $z=1.378$. Applying \textsc{Dense Basis} SED-fitting to the sample, we infer formation redshifts of $z_{form} \sim 7-11$ for these globular cluster candidates, corresponding to ages of $\sim 3.9-4.1$ Gyr at the epoch of observation and a formation time just $\sim$0.5~Gyr after the Big Bang. If confirmed with additional spectroscopy, these red, compact "sparkles" represent the first evolved globular clusters found at high redshift, could be amongst the earliest observed objects to have quenched their star formation in the Universe, and may open a new window into understanding globular cluster formation. Data and code to reproduce our results will be made available at \faGithub\href{https://niriss.github.io/sparkler.html}{http://canucs-jwst.com/sparkler.html}.
