论文标题
直接测量光学陷阱中原子的Wigner功能
Direct measurement of the Wigner function of atoms in an optical trap
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种使用Ramsey干涉法直接探测限制在光学陷阱中的中性原子的Wigner函数的方案。所提出的方案依赖于以下事实，即在给定点$（x，p）$中的wigner函数与相对于该点相对于平价运营商的期望值成正比。在这项工作中，我们表明，通过使用状态依赖性的捕获势，可以将平等和奇偶校验的运动状态映射到原子的两个不同的内部状态。因此，可以通过单个直接测量内部状态人群的单一直接测量，可以在相空间中逐点测量Wigner函数。数值模拟表明该方案是强大的，因为它不仅适用于深，谐波电位，而且适用于较浅的鼻陷阱。
We present a scheme that uses Ramsey interferometry to directly probe the Wigner function of a neutral atom confined in an optical trap. The proposed scheme relies on the well-established fact that the Wigner function at a given point $(x,p)$ in phase space is proportional to the expectation value of the parity operator relative to that point. In this work, we show that parity-even and parity-odd motional states can be mapped to two distinct internal states of the atom by using state-dependent trapping potentials. The Wigner function can thus be measured point-by-point in phase space with a single, direct measurement of the internal state population. Numerical simulations show that the scheme is robust in that it applies not only to deep, harmonic potentials but also to shallower, anharmonic traps.
