论文标题
观看时钟：解释页面拖网的形式主义和内部量子参考框架程序
Watching the Clocks: Interpreting the Page-Wootters Formalism and the Internal Quantum Reference Frame Programme
论文作者
论文摘要
我们讨论了试图解释浏览器和内部量子参考形式主义的一些困难，然后使用“最终测量”方法来证明对这些形式主义有可行的单世界现实主义解释。我们注意到，必须在确定这些方法中调用的“参考帧”是否在操作上有意义之前采用一些解释，我们认为如果没有明确的操作解释，则此类参考帧可能不适合定义等价原则。我们认为，叠加的概念应考虑到瞬时状态嵌入持续的动态进化中的方式，这导致了一种更加细微的思考方式来思考这些方法中叠加的相对性。我们得出的结论是，这些方法的操作内容通常仅在极限中才出现，因为至少一个参考系统的大小变得很大，因此这些形式主义在展示我们的宏观参考框架如何摆脱完全的关系事实方面具有重要作用。
We discuss some difficulties that arise in attempting to interpret the Page-Wootters and Internal Quantum Reference Frames formalisms, then use a 'final measurement' approach to demonstrate that there is a workable single-world realist interpretation for these formalisms. We note that it is necessary to adopt some interpretation before we can determine if the 'reference frames' invoked in these approaches are operationally meaningful, and we argue that without a clear operational interpretation, such reference frames might not be suitable to define an equivalence principle. We argue that the notion of superposition should take into account the way in which an instantaneous state is embedded in ongoing dynamical evolution, and this leads to a more nuanced way of thinking about the relativity of superposition in these approaches. We conclude that typically the operational content of these approaches appears only in the limit as the size of at least one reference system becomes large, and therefore these formalisms have an important role to play in showing how our macroscopic reference frames can emerge out of wholly relational facts.
