论文标题
局部扰动多体量子系统的热化
Thermalization of locally perturbed many-body quantum systems
论文作者
论文摘要
衍生的条件下，宏观系统直接从其显微镜成分的基础量子多体动力学直接热授予，这在理论物理学中是一项长期的挑战。众所周知的本征态热假说（ETH）被认为是关键机制，但迄今为止对通用系统的严格验证尚未进行。相比之下，较弱的变体（弱ETH）对于包括许多集成模型在内的各种系统中是正确的，但是它在热化问题上的影响仍然很大程度上尚未得到探索。在这里，我们从分析表明，满足弱ETH的系统在两个非常自然的远程平衡初始条件中表现出热效化：在所有纯正状态中，绝大多数具有预设的非平衡性预期价值，一些给定的当地可观察到的gibb gibb gibbs and the the there terne terme of量子的属性变化了某种量子的属性。
Deriving conditions under which a macroscopic system thermalizes directly from the underlying quantum many-body dynamics of its microscopic constituents is a long-standing challenge in theoretical physics. The well-known eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is presumed to be a key mechanism, but has defied rigorous verification for generic systems thus far. A weaker variant (weak ETH), by contrast, is provably true for a large variety of systems, including even many integrable models, but its implications with respect to the problem of thermalization are still largely unexplored. Here we analytically demonstrate that systems satisfying the weak ETH exhibit thermalization for two very natural classes of far-from-equilibrium initial conditions: the overwhelming majority of all pure states with a preset non-equilibrium expectation value of some given local observable, and the Gibbs states of a Hamiltonian which subsequently is subject to a quantum quench in the form of a sudden change of some local system properties.
