论文标题
一个维度的冷玻色子的人造原子
Artificial atoms from cold bosons in one dimension
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了在有吸引力的零范围杂质潜力的情况下，弱排斥的一维玻色子的地面特性。首先，我们为两个渐近案例的有限环上的问题得出了均值的固定解决方案：（i）所有玻色子都与杂质结合，并且（ii）所有玻色子都处于散射状态。此外，我们得出了在参数空间中将这些机制分开的临界线。在热力学极限中，该临界线确定可能受杂质潜能束缚的玻色子的最大数量，形成人造原子。其次，我们使用流动方程方法和用于原子混合物的多层多构型哈特里方法来验证平均场结果。虽然超出均值场效应破坏了bose气体中的远距离顺序，但关键的玻色子数不受影响。我们的发现对于理解具有静态和移动杂质的低密度bose气体中的这种人造原子很重要。
We investigate the ground-state properties of weakly repulsive one-dimensional bosons in the presence of an attractive zero-range impurity potential. First, we derive mean-field solutions to the problem on a finite ring for the two asymptotic cases: (i) all bosons are bound to the impurity and (ii) all bosons are in a scattering state. Moreover, we derive the critical line that separates these regimes in the parameter space. In the thermodynamic limit, this critical line determines the maximum number of bosons that can be bound by the impurity potential, forming an artificial atom. Second, we validate the mean-field results using the flow equation approach and the multi-layer multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method for atomic mixtures. While beyond-mean-field effects destroy long-range order in the Bose gas, the critical boson number is unaffected. Our findings are important for understanding such artificial atoms in low-density Bose gases with static and mobile impurities.
