论文标题
在干涉仪的两个臂中，单个光子的空间分离特性的明确连接检测
Unambiguous joint detection of spatially separated properties of a single photon in the two arms of an interferometer
论文作者
论文摘要
量子叠加原理意味着进入干涉仪的粒子通过同时服用两个臂而演变。如果在每个手臂上实现了偶联粒子特性与指针的无损，微扰动的相互作用，同时保持路径叠加，则量子理论预测，对于在输出端口测量的固定状态，某些粒子特性可以与一个或另一种路径相关联。在这里，我们通过关节观察干涉仪的两个臂中单个光子的空间和极化度来实现这一预测。在每个手臂中观察到大量的指针偏移（$ \ sim $ 50微米）。该观察结果涉及在空间分离区域中量子系统的不同特性，为量子信息方案和介质系统的量子性测试打开了新的可能性。
The quantum superposition principle implies that a particle entering an interferometer evolves by simultaneously taking both arms. If a non-destructive, minimally-disturbing interaction coupling a particle property to a pointer is implemented on each arm while maintaining the path superposition, quantum theory predicts that, for a fixed state measured at the output port, certain particle properties can be associated with only one or the other path. Here we report realization of this prediction through joint observation of the spatial and polarization degrees of freedom of a single photon in the two arms of an interferometer. Significant pointer shifts ($\sim$50 microns) are observed in each arm. This observation, involving coupling distinct properties of a quantum system in spatially separated regions, opens new possibilities for quantum information protocols and for tests of quantumness for mesoscopic systems.
