论文标题
测量顺序参数及其在bose-Einstein凝结之间的空间波动
Measurement of the order parameter and its spatial fluctuations across Bose-Einstein condensation
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究当在玻色 - 因斯坦凝结过渡中蒸发谐波的超低骨气气体时，发生的强范围外动力学。通过在自由膨胀后对云进行成像，我们研究冷却速率如何影响冷凝物阶参数生长的时间尺度以及其空间波动的弛豫动力学。我们发现延迟与碰撞特性相关的冷凝物形成和冷却速率后的通用冷凝物生长的证据。最后，我们测量了订单参数的空间波动的指数松弛，该阶参数也显示了通用缩放。值得注意的是，凝结物生长的缩放和放松其波动的放松遵循不同的权力定律。
We investigate the strong out-of-equilibrium dynamics occurring when a harmonically trapped ultracold bosonic gas is evaporatively cooled across the Bose--Einstein condensation transition. By imaging the cloud after free expansion, we study how the cooling rate affects the timescales for the growth of the condensate order parameter and the relaxation dynamics of its spatial fluctuations. We find evidence of a delay on the condensate formation related to the collisional properties and a universal condensate growth following the cooling rate. Finally, we measure an exponential relaxation of the spatial fluctuations of the order parameter that also shows a universal scaling. Notably, the scaling for the condensate growth and for the relaxation of its fluctuations follow different power laws.
