论文标题

ZEF:低延迟,可扩展,私人付款

Zef: Low-latency, Scalable, Private Payments

论文作者

Baudet, Mathieu, Sonnino, Alberto, Kelkar, Mahimna, Danezis, George

论文摘要

我们介绍了ZEF,这是第一个拜占庭式耐受耐受的(BFT)协议,以任意规模支持匿名数字硬币的付款。 ZEF遵循FastPay的通信和安全模型:这两个协议都是异步,低延迟,线性尺度和由部分信任的碎片当局提供动力的。 ZEF进一步引入了不透明的硬币,该硬币表示为绑定到用户帐户的链链证书。为了在付款操作消耗或创建它们时隐藏硬币的面值,ZEF使用随机承诺和NIZK证明。创建的硬币是使用椰子的盲和随机阈值匿名凭证制成的。为了控制与硬币预防相关的存储成本,设计了ZEF帐户,以便一旦帐户停用,就可以安全地删除数据。除了规格和对协议的详细分析外,我们还提供了Rust中ZEF的开源实现。我们在AWS上进行的广泛基准确认教科书线性可伸缩性,并以标称能力证明了一秒钟的确认时间。与基于区块链的现有匿名支付系统相比,这代表了三个数量级的延迟速度,没有理论上的吞吐量限制。

We introduce Zef, the first Byzantine-Fault Tolerant (BFT) protocol to support payments in anonymous digital coins at arbitrary scale. Zef follows the communication and security model of FastPay: both protocols are asynchronous, low-latency, linearly-scalable, and powered by partially-trusted sharded authorities. Zef further introduces opaque coins represented as off-chain certificates that are bound to user accounts. In order to hide the face values of coins when a payment operation consumes or creates them, Zef uses random commitments and NIZK proofs. Created coins are made unlinkable using the blind and randomizable threshold anonymous credentials of Coconut. To control storage costs associated with coin replay prevention, Zef accounts are designed so that data can be safely removed once an account is deactivated. Besides the specifications and a detailed analysis of the protocol, we are making available an open-source implementation of Zef in Rust. Our extensive benchmarks on AWS confirm textbook linear scalability and demonstrate a confirmation time under one second at nominal capacity. Compared to existing anonymous payment systems based on a blockchain, this represents a latency speedup of three orders of magnitude, with no theoretical limit on throughput.

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