论文标题

近似明确歧视的最终限制

Ultimate limits of approximate unambiguous discrimination

论文作者

Zhuang, Quntao

论文摘要

量子假设测试是量子信息处理的重要工具。已广泛采用了两种主要策略:在最小错误歧视策略中,平均误差概率被最小化;尽管在明确的歧视策略中,允许不确定的决定(弃权)在获得结论结果时消失任何可能的错误。在这两种情况下,量子状态之间的测试都相对被牢固地理解,例如,绩效的最终限制是几十年前建立的。但是,量子通道之间的测试知之甚少。尽管最近探索了通道之间最小误差歧视的最终限制,但明确歧视的相应限制尚不清楚。在本文中,我们制定了一个近似明确的歧视场景,并得出了状态和渠道表现的最终限制。特别是,在渠道情况下,我们的不确定概率的下限适用于任意自适应感测方案。对于“传送范围”渠道的特殊类别,可以在最大的纠缠输入中实现下限,并且无需自适应策略。

Quantum hypothesis testing is an important tool for quantum information processing. Two main strategies have been widely adopted: in a minimum error discrimination strategy, the average error probability is minimized; while in an unambiguous discrimination strategy, an inconclusive decision (abstention) is allowed to vanish any possibility of errors when a conclusive result is obtained. In both scenarios, the testing between quantum states are relatively well-understood, for example, the ultimate limits of the performance are established decades ago; however, the testing between quantum channels is less understood. Although the ultimate limit of minimum error discrimination between channels has been explored recently, the corresponding limit of unambiguous discrimination is unknown. In this paper, we formulate an approximate unambiguous discrimination scenario, and derive the ultimate limits of the performance for both states and channels. In particular, in the channel case, our lower bound of the inconclusive probability holds for arbitrary adaptive sensing protocols. For the special class of `teleportation-covariant' channels, the lower bound is achievable with maximum entangled inputs and no adaptive strategy is necessary.

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