论文标题
测量紧急交流中的非平凡组成性
Measuring non-trivial compositionality in emergent communication
论文作者
论文摘要
组成性是新兴沟通和语言演变中的重要解释目标。通信的绝大多数计算模型仅说明了一种非常基本的组成形式：琐碎的组成性。如果复杂信号（例如蓝色圆圈）的含义归结为其成分的含义相交（例如，蓝色对象集和一组圆圈的相交），则组成方案在琐碎的组成上是微不足道的组成。如果复杂信号的含义（例如最大的Apple）是其成分含义的更复杂的函数，则协议是非平整组成（NTC）。在本文中，我们回顾了紧急交流中使用的几个组成性指标，并在实验上表明，其中大多数未能检测到NTC - 即它们将非平凡的组成性视为组成性的失败。一个例外是树重建误差，这是由形式说明组成性的指标。这些结果强调了新兴沟通研究的重要局限性，这可能会阻碍建模NTC出现的进展。
Compositionality is an important explanatory target in emergent communication and language evolution. The vast majority of computational models of communication account for the emergence of only a very basic form of compositionality: trivial compositionality. A compositional protocol is trivially compositional if the meaning of a complex signal (e.g. blue circle) boils down to the intersection of meanings of its constituents (e.g. the intersection of the set of blue objects and the set of circles). A protocol is non-trivially compositional (NTC) if the meaning of a complex signal (e.g. biggest apple) is a more complex function of the meanings of their constituents. In this paper, we review several metrics of compositionality used in emergent communication and experimentally show that most of them fail to detect NTC - i.e. they treat non-trivial compositionality as a failure of compositionality. The one exception is tree reconstruction error, a metric motivated by formal accounts of compositionality. These results emphasise important limitations of emergent communication research that could hamper progress on modelling the emergence of NTC.
