论文标题
识别网络系统中尖端点的早期指标,以防止顺序攻击
Identifying early-warning indicators of tipping points in networked systems against sequential attacks
论文作者
论文摘要
在社交网络,运输,功率和水分配基础设施以及生物学和生态系统等各种系统中的网络结构可以表现出关键的阈值或倾斜点,超出其系统功能中存在不成比例的损失。越来越关注临界点的临界点和临界点等系统的故障耐受性会导致预期功能的突然丧失以及可能不可恢复的状态。尽管已对网络系统的攻击耐受性进行了深入的研究,以源于单个故障的破坏,但在某些情况下,现实世界系统会同时或突然在多个位置发生并发破坏。我们使用美国空空间机场网络和印度铁路网络的开源数据,以及作为原型系统的随机网络,我们研究了它们对各种大小的合成攻击策略的反应。对于这两种类型的网络,我们都会观察到警告区域的存在,这些警告区域是临界点的先驱。此外,我们观察到网络鲁棒性与同时分布的大小之间具有统计学意义的关系,这些关系概括为具有不同拓扑属性的网络,以实现随机失败和有针对性的攻击。我们表明,我们的方法可以确定不同大小的破坏的不同体系结构网络的整个鲁棒性特征。我们的方法可以作为了解现实世界系统中的临界点的范式,并且可以将原则扩展到其他学科,以解决风险管理和弹性的关键问题。
Network structures in a wide array of systems such as social networks, transportation, power and water distribution infrastructures, and biological and ecological systems can exhibit critical thresholds or tipping points beyond which there are disproportionate losses in the system functionality. There is growing concern over tipping points and failure tolerance of such systems as tipping points can lead to an abrupt loss of intended functionality and possibly non-recoverable states. While attack tolerance of networked systems has been intensively studied for the disruptions originating from a single point of failure, there have been instances where real-world systems are subject to simultaneous or sudden onset of concurrent disruption at multiple locations. Using open-source data from the United States Airspace Airport network and Indian Railways Network, and random networks as prototype class of systems, we study their responses to synthetic attack strategies of varying sizes. For both types of networks, we observe the presence of warning regions, which serve as a precursor to the tipping point. Further, we observe the statistically significant relationships between network robustness and size of simultaneous distribution, which generalizes to the networks with different topological attributes for random failures and targeted attacks. We show that our approach can determine the entire robustness characteristics of networks of disparate architecture subject to disruptions of varying sizes. Our approach can serve as a paradigm to understand the tipping point in real-world systems, and the principle can be extended to other disciplines to address critical issues of risk management and resilience.