论文标题
准绝热和随机加热和颗粒加速度在准垂直冲击时
Quasi-adiabatic and stochastic heating and particle acceleration at quasi-perpendicular shocks
论文作者
论文摘要
基于地球冲击的磁层多尺度（MMS）观测值，我们已经确定了在准垂直冲击下运行的两个血浆加热过程。离子在由加热功能控制的过程中受到随机加热的约束，$χ_j= m_j q_j^{ - 1} b^{ - 2} \ Mathrm {div}（\ Mathbf {e} _ \ perp）对于带有质量$ m_j $的粒子和电气$ q_j $的粒子$ and electry and electry和magnement $ $ \ mathbf {b} $。使用测试粒子模拟来识别分布函数尾部颗粒的大量加热和随机加速的参数范围。模拟结果用于表明研究弓冲击交叉的离子加热和加速度是通过频率（1-10）$ f_ {cp} $（Proton gyrofquerquency）的波动来完成的，用于散装加热，而$ f> 10f_ {cp} $用于尾巴加速。当电子不在随机加热方案中时，$ |χ_e| <1 $，它们经历了以各向同性温度关系为特征的准绝热加热过程$ t/b =（t_0/b_0）（b_0/b）（b_0/b）^{1/3} $。当通过波通过散射将磁矩的能量增益重新分布在平行能量成分中时，这将获得。本文报告的结果也可能适用于天体物理冲击时的颗粒加热和加速。
Based on Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations from the Earth's bow shock, we have identified two plasma heating processes that operate at quasi-perpendicular shocks. Ions are subject to stochastic heating in a process controlled by the heating function $χ_j = m_j q_j^{-1} B^{-2}\mathrm{div}(\mathbf{E}_\perp)$ for particles with mass $m_j$ and charge $q_j$ in the electric and magnetic fields $\mathbf{E}$ and $\mathbf{B}$. Test particle simulations are employed to identify the parameter ranges for bulk heating and stochastic acceleration of particles in the tail of the distribution function. The simulation results are used to show that ion heating and acceleration in the studied bow shock crossings is accomplished by waves at frequencies (1-10)$f_{cp}$ (proton gyrofrequency) for the bulk heating, and $f>10f_{cp}$ for the tail acceleration. When electrons are not in the stochastic heating regime, $|χ_e|<1$, they undergo a quasi-adiabatic heating process characterized by the isotropic temperature relation $T/B=(T_0/B_0)(B_0/B)^{1/3}$. This is obtained when the energy gain from the conservation of the magnetic moment is redistributed to the parallel energy component through the scattering by waves. The results reported in this paper may also be applicable to particle heating and acceleration at astrophysical shocks.
