论文标题
单发确定性工作提取的加热发动机
Heat engines with single-shot deterministic work extraction
论文作者
论文摘要
我们引入了在纳米政权中工作的热发动机，以提取有限数量的确定性工作。我们表明，这些周期的效率严格比Carnot小，并且将这种差异与单一转换中存在的基本不可逆性相关联。当允许提取的工作中的波动时，它们的大小和效率之间就会取决于权衡。随着波动的大小的增加，效率也随之增加，最佳效率被恢复为无限波动，而从周期中得出了一定数量的确定性工作。最后，我们表明，如果工作介质是由许多粒子组成的，通过在对数与数量的对数扩展的子系统之间建立一定数量的相关性，那么Carnot的效率也可以在渐近极限和确定性工作提取的情况下接近。
We introduce heat engines working in the nano-regime that allow to extract a finite amount of deterministic work. We show that the efficiency of these cycles is strictly smaller than Carnot's, and we associate this difference with a fundamental irreversibility that is present in single-shot transformations. When fluctuations in the extracted work are allowed there is a trade-off between their size and the efficiency. As the size of fluctuations increases so does the efficiency, and optimal efficiency is recovered for unbounded fluctuations, while certain amount of deterministic work is drawn from the cycle. Finally, we show that if the working medium is composed by many particles, by creating an amount of correlations between the subsystems that scales logarithmically with their number, Carnot's efficiency can also be approached in the asymptotic limit along with deterministic work extraction.
