论文标题
Bose-Einstein冷凝物波动与颗粒间相互作用
Bose-Einstein condensate fluctuations versus an interparticle interaction
论文作者
论文摘要
我们计算Bogoliubov方法中的盒子陷阱中的稀释气体中的Bose-Einstein冷凝物(BEC)职业统计量与稀释气体中的颗粒间相互作用。将结果与(i)理想气体和(ii)具有均匀冷凝物的弱相互作用的气体进行比较。特别是,我们揭示并明确描述了从理想气体到Thomas-Fermi制度的非平凡过渡的出现。结果包括找到BEC统计数据的主要状态 - 异常的非高斯热为主导的波动和高斯量子主导的波动 - 以及它们之间的交叉及其在介绍系统中的表现。值得注意的是,我们表明,即使在存在粒子间相互作用的情况下,在盒子陷阱上施加的边界条件对BEC波动的影响也不会消失。最后,我们讨论了对BEC波动理论的实验验证的一个挑战性问题,该理论解决了多体统计物理学的深度水平,而不是通常研究的数量与平均冷凝物占用相关的数量。
We calculate the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) occupation statistics vs. the interparticle interaction in a dilute gas with a nonuniform condensate in a box trap within the Bogoliubov approach. The results are compared against the previously found BEC-occupation statistics in (i) an ideal gas and (ii) a weakly interacting gas with a uniform condensate. In particular, we reveal and explicitly describe an appearance of a nontrivial transition from the ideal gas to the Thomas-Fermi regime. The results include finding the main regimes of the BEC statistics - the anomalous non-Gaussian thermally-dominated fluctuations and the Gaussian quantum-dominated fluctuations - as well as a crossover between them and their manifestations in a mesoscopic system. Remarkably, we show that the effect of the boundary conditions, imposed at the box trap, on the BEC fluctuations does not vanish in the thermodynamic limit of a macroscopic system even in the presence of the interparticle interactions. Finally, we discuss a challenging problem of an experimental verification of the theory of the BEC fluctuations addressing a much deeper level of the many-body statistical physics than usually studied quantities related to the mean condensate occupation.