论文标题

嵌入式系统的安全固件更新的模块化端到端框架

A Modular End-to-End Framework for Secure Firmware Updates on Embedded Systems

论文作者

Falas, Solon, Konstantinou, Charalambos, Michael, Maria K.

论文摘要

固件是指设备读取的居民代码,其中包括MicroCode和宏观指导 - 级别的例程。对于没有操作系统的无效设备(IoT)设备,固件包括有关此类嵌入式系统如何运行和通信的所有必要说明。因此,固件更新是设备功能的重要组成部分。它们提供了修补漏洞,解决操作问题并提高系统一生中设备的可靠性和性能的能力。但是,攻击者通常会利用此过程,以便将恶意固件代码注入嵌入式设备。在本文中,我们为嵌入式系统的安全固件更新提供了一个框架。该方法基于硬件原始图和加密模块,并且可以在通信渠道可能不安全的环境中部署。该框架的实现是灵活的,因为它可以根据IoT设备的可用硬件资源和约束进行调整。我们的安全分析表明,我们的框架对各种攻击向量具有弹性。实验设置证明了该方法的可行性。通过在FPGA上实施各种测试用例,我们证明了框架的适应性和性能。实验表明,在1.73秒内,可以以安全的方式实现1183KB固件图像的更新过程。

Firmware refers to device read-only resident code which includes microcode and macro-instruction -level routines. For Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices without an operating system, firmware includes all the necessary instructions on how such embedded systems operate and communicate. Thus, firmware updates are an essential part of device functionality. They provide the ability to patch vulnerabilities, address operational issues, and improve device reliability and performance during the lifetime of the system. This process, however, is often exploited by attackers in order to inject malicious firmware code into the embedded device. In this paper, we present a framework for secure firmware updates on embedded systems. The approach is based on hardware primitives and cryptographic modules, and it can be deployed in environments where communication channels might be insecure. The implementation of the framework is flexible as it can be adapted in regards to the IoT device's available hardware resources and constraints. Our security analysis shows that our framework is resilient to a variety of attack vectors. The experimental setup demonstrates the feasibility of the approach. By implementing a variety of test cases on FPGA, we demonstrate the adaptability and performance of the framework. Experiments indicate that the update procedure for a 1183kB firmware image could be achieved, in a secure manner, under 1.73 seconds.

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