论文标题

与M87的球状簇种群相关的新鉴定的ULX的X射线光谱

X-Ray Spectroscopy of Newly Identified ULXs Associated With M87's Globular Cluster Population

论文作者

Dage, Kristen C., Zepf, Stephen E., Thygesen, Erica, Bahramian, Arash, Kundu, Arunav, Maccarone, Thomas J., Peacock, Mark B., Strader, Jay

论文摘要

我们已经确定了七个与与M87相关的球形群集候选物(GC)一致的超X射线源(ULX)。旧GC环境中的ULX代表了新的ULX人群,并且可能是黑洞。在这项研究中,我们对七个GC ULX进行了详细的X射线光谱随访,其中包括大量档案Chandra观察结果,长期基线为16年。这项研究使已知的GC ULX的总样本达到17。这些来源中的两个显示其X射线光度的变异性在多年内的数量级,其中一个来源显示了小时尺度上观察到的内部差异。尽管大多数球状簇ULX的X射线光谱最适合单个组件模型,但本文研究的来源之一是第二个GC ULX最适合两个组件模型的GC ULX。我们将新的GC ULX样本与先前研究的样品进行比较,并比较样品中X射线和光学性质的对应物。我们发现,在M87中托管ULX的簇具有从G-Z = 1.01到G-Z = 1.70的金属性。 X射线光谱的最佳拟合幂律指数范围从伽马= 1.37-2.21,最适合的黑体磁盘温度范围为kt = 0.56-1.90 kev。

We have identified seven ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) which are coincident with globular cluster candidates (GCs) associated with M87. ULXs in the old GC environment represent a new population of ULXs, and ones likely to be black holes. In this study we perform detailed X-ray spectroscopic followup to seven GC ULXs across a wealth of archival Chandra observations and long time baseline of 16 years. This study brings the total known sample of GC ULXs to 17. Two of these sources show variability in their X-ray luminosity of an order of magnitude over many years, and one of these sources shows intra-observational variability on the scale of hours. While the X-ray spectra of the majority of globular cluster ULXs are best fit by single component models, one of the sources studied in this paper is the second GC ULX to be best fit by a two component model. We compare this new sample of GC ULXs to the previously studied sample, and compare the X-ray and optical properties counterparts across the samples. We find that the clusters that host ULXs in M87 have metallicities from g-z=1.01 to g-z=1.70. The best-fit power-law indices of the X-ray spectra range from Gamma=1.37-2.21, and the best fit inner black-body disk temperatures range from kT=0.56-1.90 keV.

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