论文标题
通过绕开狄拉克皮带的技巧来控制奇异旋转涡流的创建
Controlled creation of a singular spinor vortex by circumventing the Dirac belt trick
论文作者
论文摘要
持续的拓扑缺陷和纹理尤其是超流体的巨大后果。最引人入胜的例子之一是由旋转对称组SO（3）产生的奇异涡旋，并具有令人惊讶的拓扑特性，由Dirac的著名皮带技巧所说明。尽管有很大的兴趣，但对完全三维旋转系统中具有复杂内部结构的涡流的受控制备和详细研究仍然是一个杰出的实验挑战。在这里，我们提出并实施了一种可再现和可控的方法，用于创建和检测单数SO（3）线条涡流，从铁磁性旋转1玻璃体中的非单明性自旋纹理的衰减中，旋转。我们的实验明确证明了缺陷的SO（3）字符和独特的旋转特性。尽管涡流是单数的，但其核心在拓扑不同的极性磁相中充满了原子。由此产生的稳定，相干的拓扑界面具有从凝结物到宇宙学和弦理论的系统中的类似物。
Persistent topological defects and textures are particularly dramatic consequences of superfluidity. Among the most fascinating examples are the singular vortices arising from the rotational symmetry group SO(3), with surprising topological properties illustrated by Dirac's famous belt trick. Despite considerable interest, controlled preparation and detailed study of vortex lines with complex internal structure in fully three-dimensional spinor systems remains an outstanding experimental challenge. Here, we propose and implement a reproducible and controllable method for creating and detecting a singular SO(3) line vortex from the decay of a non-singular spin texture in a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose--Einstein condensate. Our experiment explicitly demonstrates the SO(3) character and the unique spinor properties of the defect. Although the vortex is singular, its core fills with atoms in the topologically distinct polar magnetic phase. The resulting stable, coherent topological interface has analogues in systems ranging from condensed matter to cosmology and string theory.
