论文标题
当社会影响力促进人群的智慧
When social influence promotes the wisdom of crowds
论文作者
论文摘要
无论是在什么条件下，群体表现出“人群智慧”一直是社会和计算科学研究的主要重点。这项工作的大部分都集中在社会影响力在促进人群的智慧与使人群误入歧途的智慧中的作用，从而对社交网络结构如何决定社会影响的影响得出了矛盾的结论。在这里，我们证明了孤立考虑网络结构是不够的。使用理论分析，数值模拟和四个实验数据集的重新分析（总计2,885名人类受试者），我们发现人群的智慧严重取决于（i）社会影响网络的集中化和（ii）初始，个体估计的分布之间的相互作用。通过采用一个整合社会影响力的结构和初始估计的分布的框架，我们在一个理论框架下带来了以前矛盾的结果，并阐明了社会影响对人群智慧的影响。
Whether, and under what conditions, groups exhibit "crowd wisdom" has been a major focus of research across the social and computational sciences. Much of this work has focused on the role of social influence in promoting the wisdom of the crowd versus leading the crowd astray, resulting in conflicting conclusions about how the social network structure determines the impact of social influence. Here, we demonstrate that it is not enough to consider the network structure in isolation. Using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and reanalysis of four experimental datasets (totaling 2,885 human subjects), we find that the wisdom of crowds critically depends on the interaction between (i) the centralization of the social influence network and (ii) the distribution of the initial, individual estimates. By adopting a framework that integrates both the structure of the social influence and the distribution of the initial estimates, we bring previously conflicting results under one theoretical framework and clarify the effects of social influence on the wisdom of crowds.
