论文标题
原子光谱中的量子时间扩张
Quantum time dilation in atomic spectra
论文作者
论文摘要
当一个时钟以相对论动量波数据包的叠加中移动时，就会发生量子时间扩张。我们利用激发氢原子的寿命作为时钟来证明量子时间扩张如何在自发发射过程中表现出来。与以$ v^2/c^2 $的混合物制备的原子的排放速率相比，所得的排放率有所不同。由于动量波数据包之间的连贯性，这种效果伴随着对多普勒移位的量子校正。这种量子多普勒偏移会以$ v/c $的顺序影响光谱线形状。但是，与量子时间扩张的影响相比，其对衰减率的影响被抑制。我们认为，光谱实验为探索量子时间扩张的影响提供了一个技术可行的平台。
Quantum time dilation occurs when a clock moves in a superposition of relativistic momentum wave packets. We utilize the lifetime of an excited hydrogen-like atom as a clock to demonstrate how quantum time dilation manifests in a spontaneous emission process. The resulting emission rate differs when compared to the emission rate of an atom prepared in a mixture of momentum wave packets at order $v^2/c^2$. This effect is accompanied by a quantum correction to the Doppler shift due to the coherence between momentum wave packets. This quantum Doppler shift affects the spectral line shape at order $v/c$. However, its effect on the decay rate is suppressed when compared to the effect of quantum time dilation. We argue that spectroscopic experiments offer a technologically feasible platform to explore the effects of quantum time dilation.
