论文标题
不受干扰的景观的成本
The Cost of Undisturbed Landscapes
论文作者
论文摘要
到2030年，奥地利的目标是满足其国内可再生能源的100％电力需求，大部分额外的一代来自风能和太阳能。除了减少二氧化碳排放量以及可能的系统成本外，风能还与地方一级的负面影响有关，例如干扰景观美学。通过使用替代可再生能源技术，可以避免其中一些影响。因此，我们使用电力系统模型MEDEA量化了风能的机会成本与最佳可行替代太阳能光伏的机会。我们的发现表明，不受干扰的景观的成本是相当大的，尤其是当太阳能光伏主要在屋顶上实现时。在广泛的假设下，风能的机会成本足够高，以允许对受当地风力涡轮机外部性影响的赔偿大量补偿。
By 2030 Austria aims to meet 100% of its electricity demand from domestic renewable sources, with most of the additional generation coming from wind and solar energy. Apart from the benefit of reducing CO2 emissions and, potentially, system cost, wind power is associated with negative impacts at the local level, such as interference with landscape aesthetics. Some of these impacts might be avoided by using alternative renewable energy technologies. Thus, we quantify the opportunity cost of wind power versus its best feasible alternative solar photovoltaics, using the power system model medea. Our findings suggest that the cost of undisturbed landscapes is considerable, particularly when solar PV is mainly realized on roof-tops. Under a wide range of assumptions, the opportunity cost of wind power is high enough to allow for significant compensation of the ones affected by local, negative wind turbine externalities.
