论文标题
通过分析整数拓扑缺陷来量化细胞单层的材料特性
Quantifying material properties of cell monolayers by analyzing integer topological defects
论文作者
论文摘要
在发育中的生物体中，内部细胞过程会在组织尺度上产生机械应力。所得的变形取决于组织的材料特性，该特性可以表现出长期升级的定向顺序和拓扑缺陷。在与发展过程相关的时间尺度上确定这些属性仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们建立在液晶物理学的基础上，以确定细胞单层的材料参数。具体而言，我们使用流体动力描述来表征缺陷周围可压缩活性极性流体的固定态。我们通过在小圆形限制中分析C2C12细胞的单层来说明我们的方法，在那里它们形成具有整数电荷的单个拓扑缺陷。我们发现，这样的单层在缺陷中心施加压缩应力，其中观察到了三维形状的局部细胞分化和形成。
In developing organisms, internal cellular processes generate mechanical stresses at the tissue scale. The resulting deformations depend on the material properties of the tissue, which can exhibit long-ranged orientational order and topological defects. It remains a challenge to determine these properties on the time scales relevant for developmental processes. Here, we build on the physics of liquid crystals to determine material parameters of cell monolayers. Specifically, we use a hydrodynamic description to characterize the stationary states of compressible active polar fluids around defects. We illustrate our approach by analyzing monolayers of C2C12 cells in small circular confinements, where they form a single topological defect with integer charge. We find that such monolayers exert compressive stresses at the defect centers, where localized cell differentiation and formation of three-dimensional shapes is observed.
