论文标题
与MIMO虚拟束设计中的应用联合近似协方差对角线化
Joint Approximate Covariance Diagonalization with Applications in MIMO Virtual Beam Design
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了一个近似公共特征结构的最大样品(ML)估计的问题,即近似共同的特征向量集(CES),用于鉴于其相关的I.I.D矢量实现的协方差矩阵集合。此问题在多用户MIMO通信中具有直接应用程序,在该通信中,基站(BS)可以通过飞行员传输访问瞬时用户通道向量,并尝试执行联合多用户下链接(DL)预编码。人们普遍认为,该任务的有效实现取决于一组常见的“虚拟梁”的适当设计,该设计捕获了用户渠道协方差之间的共同特征结构。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法,用于通过将其作为ML估计问题施放来获得这种常见的特征结构。我们证明,在协方差共同对角线的特殊情况下,所提出的ML问题的全球最佳解决方案与共同特征结构相吻合。然后,我们提出了一种投影梯度下降(PGD)方法,以在单位矩阵的流形上解决ML优化问题,并证明其收敛到固定点。通过详尽的模拟,我们说明,在共同的对角线协方差的情况下,我们提出的方法会收敛到确切的CES。同样,在一般情况下,协方差不可分为对角线,它产生的解决方案将近对呈对角度的协方差。此外,经验结果表明,我们所提出的方法的表现优于文献中本征敏化方法(JADE)方法的众所周知的联合近似值。
We study the problem of maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation of an approximate common eigenstructure, i.e. an approximate common eigenvectors set (CES), for an ensemble of covariance matrices given a collection of their associated i.i.d vector realizations. This problem has a direct application in multi-user MIMO communications, where the base station (BS) has access to instantaneous user channel vectors through pilot transmission and attempts to perform joint multi-user Downlink (DL) precoding. It is widely accepted that an efficient implementation of this task hinges upon an appropriate design of a set of common "virtual beams", that captures the common eigenstructure among the user channel covariances. In this paper, we propose a novel method for obtaining this common eigenstructure by casting it as an ML estimation problem. We prove that in the special case where the covariances are jointly diagonalizable, the global optimal solution of the proposed ML problem coincides with the common eigenstructure. Then we propose a projected gradient descent (PGD) method to solve the ML optimization problem over the manifold of unitary matrices and prove its convergence to a stationary point. Through exhaustive simulations, we illustrate that in the case of jointly diagonalizable covariances, our proposed method converges to the exact CES. Also, in the general case where the covariances are not jointly diagonalizable, it yields a solution that approximately diagonalizes all covariances. Besides, the empirical results show that our proposed method outperforms the well-known joint approximate diagonalization of eigenmatrices (JADE) method in the literature.