论文标题

多个观察者对Qubits的顺序测量:联合最佳猜测策略

Sequential measurements on qubits by multiple observers: Joint best guess strategy

论文作者

Fields, Dov, Várga, Árpad, Bergou, János A.

论文摘要

我们研究了随后的观察者在同一贵族上进行的顺序状态歧视测量。具体而言,我们关注的是观察者执行一种最小错误类型状态歧视测量的情况,观察者的目标是最大程度地猜测其成功猜测Qubit最初制备的状态的联合可能性。我们将其称为最佳猜测策略。在此方案中,爱丽丝在两个可能的状态之一中准备了一个量子。该量子队首先发送给鲍勃(Bob),后者对其进行了衡量,然后将其送给查理(Charlie),依此类推,依此类推,共同对所有执行测量的连续接收器。所有观察者的目标是确定爱丽丝发送了哪个州。在联合的最佳猜测策略中,每次收到系统时,都需要观察者对其状态进行猜测,以帮助其猜测。为此要求支付的价格是必须允许错误,猜测可能是正确的或错误的。所有接收者都可以成功识别最初准备的状态的概率非零概率,并且我们最大程度地提高了这一成功的概率。这项工作是开发非损害顺序量子测量理论的一步,并且基于与单量子器进行通信,特别是在采用连续变量状态的方案中,可以在多党量子通信方案中有用。这也代表了随后的观察者可以概率和最佳地围绕崩溃和无公路定理的情况。

We study sequential state discrimination measurements performed on the same qubit by subsequent observers. Specifically, we focus on the case when the observers perform a kind of a minimum-error type state discriminating measurement where the goal of the observers is to maximize their joint probability of successfully guessing the state that the qubit was initially prepared in. We call this the joint best guess strategy. In this scheme, Alice prepares a qubit in one of two possible states. The qubit is first sent to Bob, who measures it, and then on to Charlie, and so on to altogether N consecutive receivers who all perform measurements on it. The goal for all observers is to determine which state Alice sent. In the joint best guess strategy, every time a system is received the observer is required to make a guess, aided by the measurement, about its state. The price to pay for this requirement is that errors must be permitted, the guess can be correct or in error. There is a nonzero probability for all the receivers to successfully identify the initially prepared state, and we maximize this joint probability of success. This work is a step toward developing a theory of nondestructive sequential quantum measurements and could be useful in multiparty quantum communication schemes based on communicating with single qubits, particularly in schemes employing continuous variable states. It also represents a case where subsequent observers can probabilistically and optimally get around both the collapse postulate and the no-broadcasting theorem.

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