论文标题
使用偶极相互作用的三维自组装
Three-dimensional self-assembly using dipolar interaction
论文作者
论文摘要
偶极力之间的相互作用，例如永久磁体，通常会导致一维链和环的形成。我们调查了是否可以通过将偶极子封装在具有特定形状的外壳中，使偶极自我组装成三维结构。我们发现，当平行和反平行状态相等的偶极子的能量相等时，满足三维晶体的自组装条件。我们的实验表明，最常规的结构是使用圆柱体和立方体而不是通过球体形成的。这个简单的设计规则将有助于自组装社区实现三维晶体，从千分尺范围内的物体中实现三维晶体，从而为以前未知的超材料开辟了道路。
Interaction between dipolar forces, such as permanent magnets, generally leads to the formation of one-dimensional chains and rings. We investigated whether it was possible to let dipoles self-assemble into three-dimensional structures by encapsulating them in a shell with a specific shape. We found that the condition for self-assembly of a three-dimensional crystal is satisfied when the energies of dipoles in the parallel and antiparallel states are equal. Our experiments show that the most regular structures are formed using cylinders and cuboids and not by spheroids. This simple design rule will help the self-assembly community to realize three-dimensional crystals from objects in the micrometer range, which opens up the way toward previously unknown metamaterials.
