论文标题
合并超大质量黑洞的命运以及新的X射线资源的建议
The Fates of Merging Supermassive Black Holes and a Proposal for a New Class of X-Ray Sources
论文作者
论文摘要
我们对从分层结构形成的宇宙学模拟中提取的一些最大的星系进行了N体模拟，总质量在$ 10^{12} M _ {\ odot} <m_ {tot} <m_ {tot} <3 \ times 10^{13} {13} m _ {\ odot} m _ {\ odot} $ geq quq 0 $ 4 \ geq quq 0 $ geq 0银河合并后，我们跟踪围绕其宿主中央BHS的插入黑洞（BHS）的动态演变。从11个不同的模拟中，我们发现，在质量> $ 10^4 m _ {\ odot} $的86个插入式BH中，36与主机的中央BH合并，从他们的主机星系中弹出13个，而37个仍在$ z = 0 $中。在所有星系中，在与中央BH二进制或多个互动密切相互作用后，将33个BH踢到更高的轨道上，然后只有一个与宿主合并。这些轨道的BHS应通过其异常（不是低质量X射线二进制）光谱检测到。 Z = 0时轨道大量BHS的X射线照明范围为$ 10^{28} -10^{43} $ $ $ $ \ MATHRM {ERG}〜\ MATHRM {S}^{ - 1} $ $ \ MATHRM {erg}〜\ MATHRM {s}^{ - 1} $。但是，现有的X射线设施应检测到最发光的$ \ sim $ 5 \％。
We perform N-body simulations on some of the most massive galaxies extracted from a cosmological simulation of hierarchical structure formation with total masses in the range $10^{12} M_{\odot} < M_{tot} < 3\times 10^{13} M_{\odot}$ from $4\geq z \geq 0$. After galactic mergers, we track the dynamical evolution of the infalling black holes (BHs) around their host's central BHs. From 11 different simulations, we find that, of the 86 infalling BHs with masses > $10^4 M_{\odot}$, 36 merge with their host's central BH, 13 are ejected from their host galaxy, and 37 are still orbiting at $z=0$. Across all galaxies, 33 BHs are kicked to a higher orbit after close interactions with the central BH binary or multiple, after which only one of them merged with their hosts. These orbiting BHs should be detectable by their anomalous (not Low Mass X-ray Binary) spectra. The X-ray luminosities of the orbiting massive BHs at z=0 are in the range $10^{28}-10^{43}$ $\mathrm{erg}~\mathrm{s}^{-1}$, with a currently undetectable median value of $10^{33}$ $\mathrm{erg}~\mathrm{s}^{-1}$. However, the most luminous $\sim$5\% should be detectable by existing X-ray facilities.
