论文标题
比较纬度分布和偶数和奇数黑子周期的演变
Comparison of Latitude Distribution and Evolution of Even and Odd Sunspot Cycles
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了来自太阳周期12到太阳周期23（SC12-SC23）的日光面积的纬度分布和演变，以及从太阳周期8到太阳周期23（SC8-SC23）的黑子组。里奇亚分布是偶数和奇数黑子组的最佳拟合功能。即使是北/南部蝴蝶翼黑子的平均值和差异分别为14.94/14.76和58.62/56.08，奇数北/南方机翼黑子的平均值和方差分别为15.52/15.58和61.77/58.00。因此，均匀循环翅膀的黑子组的平均纬度比奇数循环翅膀的黑子组低一些，即北半球翅膀的约0.6度，南半球翅膀的纬度较低。 SC12-SC23之间黑子区域的空间分析表明，对于奇数甚至循环，小太阳点在太阳的太阳纬度较低，而对于两个半球也是如此。黑子区域的时间演变显示四年后（正好在4。2 - 4.5年之间），即循环开始后约40 \％，尤其是对于循环时，也缺乏大黑子。这与gnevyshev间隙有关，并在平均黑子纬度的演变交叉约15度的情况下发生。然而，对于循环而言，差距比奇数更明显。 Gnevyshev差距将周期分为两个不同的部分：上升阶段/循环最大和黑子周期的下降阶段。
We study the latitudinal distribution and evolution of sunspot areas from Solar Cycle 12 to Solar Cycle 23 (SC12-SC23) and sunspot-groups of from Solar Cycle 8 to Solar Cycle 23 (SC8-SC23) for even and odd cycles. The Rician distribution is the best-fit function for both even and odd sunspots group latitudinal occurrence. The mean and variance for even northern/southern butterfly wing sunspots are 14.94/14.76 and 58.62/56.08, respectively, and the mean and variance for odd northern/southern wing sunspots are 15.52/15.58 and 61.77/58.00, respectively. Sunspot groups of even cycle wings are thus at somewhat lower latitudes on the average than sunspot groups of the odd cycle wings, i.e., about 0.6 degrees for northern hemisphere wings and 0.8 degrees for southern hemisphere wings. The spatial analysis of sunspot areas between SC12-SC23 shows that the small sunspots are at lower solar latitudes of the sun than the large sunspots for both odd and even cycles, and also for both hemispheres. Temporal evolution of sunspot areas shows a lack of large sunspots after four years (exactly between 4.2-4.5 years), i.e., about 40\% after the start of the cycle, especially for even cycles. This is related to the Gnevyshev gap and is occurring at the time when the evolution of the average sunspot latitudes cross about 15 degrees. The gap is, however, clearer for even cycles than odd ones. Gnevyshev gap divides the cycle into two disparate parts: the ascending phase/cycle maximum and the declining phase of the sunspot cycle.
