论文标题

在扩散状态内双重扩散对流中的亚临界行为

Subcritical behaviour in double diffusive convection within the diffusive regime

论文作者

Chong, Kai Leong, Yang, Rui, Yang, Yantao, Verzicco, Roberto, Lohse, Detlef

论文摘要

我们进行了二维和三维模拟,以在扩散状态下进行双扩散对流,在这种情况下,流体流动由不稳定的温度梯度驱动,并通过稳定的分层盐度梯度稳定。我们研究热通量,雷诺数和流量结构如何随密度比$λ$而变化,这是盐度梯度引起的浮力与温度梯度的比率。当$λ$从零增加时,首先,对于流动结构和热传输,流动的行为与纯雷利 - 贝纳德(RB)对流相似。 Baines&Gill的线性稳定性分析(J. Fluid Mech。,第37卷,1969年,第289-306页)估计了临界密度比$λ_C$,而流量上的流量稳定。但是,我们在这里表明,通过将大规模循环用作初始条件(而不是线性稳定性分析中假定的线性曲线),当扩散状态中的DDC在$λ>λ_c$,即同一控制参数处的状态状态的共存时,可以表现出亚临界行为。即使密度比成为临界值$λ_c$的数千倍,但与纯传导情况相比,对流仍然具有强烈增强的传热特性。我们揭示了相应的流量结构,并找到了一个夹在两个稳定分层的层之间的不稳定分层的区域。我们的结果表明,在扩散状态下,DDC初始条件的重要性,尤其是在高纬度海洋地区发生的较高密度比的情况下。

We conduct two- and three-dimensional simulations for double diffusive convection in the diffusive regime, where the fluid flow is driven by a destabilizing temperature gradient and stabilized by a stably stratified salinity gradient. We study how the heat flux, Reynolds number, and flow structures change with the density ratio $Λ$, which is the ratio of the buoyancy force induced by the salinity gradient to that by the temperature gradient. When $Λ$ increases from zero, the flow first behaves similarly as in pure Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection, both with respect to flow structure and to heat transport. The linear stability analysis of Baines & Gill (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 37, 1969, pp. 289-306) had estimated the critical density ratio $Λ_c$, above which the flow becomes stable. However, here we show that by using a large-scale circulation as initial condition (rather than the linear profiles assumed in the linear stability analysis), DDC in the diffusive regime can exhibit subcritical behaviour when $Λ> Λ_c$, i.e., coexistence of states at the same control parameters. Even though the density ratio becomes thousands times that of the critical value $Λ_c$, there is still convection with strongly enhanced heat transfer properties compared to the pure conduction case. We reveal the corresponding flow structures and find an unstably-stratified region sandwiched between two stably-stratified layers. Our results demonstrate the importance of the initial condition for DDC in the diffusive regime, especially in the situation of a large density ratio, which occurs in high-latitude ocean regions.

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