论文标题
两种Higgs Doublet模型中Nambu Monopole的动力学 - 宇宙学单极对撞机 -
Dynamics of Nambu monopole in two Higgs doublet models -- Cosmological Monopole Collider --
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了两种Higgs Doublet模型中Nambu Monopole的动力学,这是一个磁性单极,由两个相反侧面的两个拓扑$ z $ strings($ z $ flux tubes)连接。当希格斯势具有全局$ u(1)$和$ \ m athbb {z} _2 $ symmetries时,单极是动作方程方程的拓扑稳定解决方案。在本文中,我们考虑了更多的一般情况,而没有$ \ mathbb {z} _2 $对称性,发现它不再是静态解决方案,而是沿着较重的字符串拉动的$ z $字符串移动。通过分析构建单极的渐近形式后,我们使用数值弛豫方法证实了这种运动。此外,我们基于点状近似分析了单极的实时动力学。因此,如果在早期宇宙中有很长的弦网网络,则单子几乎可以加速发射电磁辐射的速度,作为同步加速器加速器,并碰撞到弦上的抗单孔。我们称之为宇宙学的碰撞事件可以产生比我们今天可以看到的粒子更重的颗粒,例如在大型强子对撞机上。
We study the dynamics of the Nambu monopole in two Higgs doublet models, which is a magnetic monopole attached by two topological $Z$ strings ($Z$ flux tubes) from two opposite sides. The monopole is a topologically stable solution of the equation of motions when the Higgs potential has global $U(1)$ and $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetries. In this paper, we consider more general cases without the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, and find that it is no longer a static solution but moves along the $Z$ string being pulled by the heavier string. After analytically constructing an asymptotic form of the monopole, we confirm such a motion using the numerical relaxation method. In addition, we analyze the real time dynamics of the monopole based on a point-like approximation. Consequently, if there were long string networks with the monopoles in the early universe, the monopole accelerates nearly to the speed of light emitting electromagnetic radiations as a synchrotron accelerator, and collides to an anti-monopole on the string. This collision event, which we call the cosmological monopole collider, can produce much heavier particles than those we can see today, e.g., at the Large Hadron Collider.