论文标题
一位巨大的MIMO系统的下行链路保密率,具有主动窃听
Downlink Secrecy Rate of One-Bit Massive MIMO System with Active Eavesdropping
论文作者
论文摘要
在这项研究中,我们考虑了在大型MIMO系统的下行中的物理层安全性,该系统在基站(BS)中采用一位量化。我们假设一个主动的窃听器试图破坏合法用户在BS的通道估计采集,而在下行链路传输上偷听。我们考虑了降解窃听通道的两种最广泛的方法,即nullspace人工噪声(NS-AN)和随机人造噪声(R-AN)。然后,我们考虑了零强度的光束成形(ZF-BF)和最大比率传递射击(MRT-BF),对保密率和渐近性能提出了下限。我们的结果表明,即使窃听者足够接近被拦截的用户,只要在渠道训练期间,只要窃听器的发射功率要小于合法用户的频率较小,否则倾向的保密率倾向于饱和。我们表明,具有NS-AN的ZF-BF提供了最佳性能。发现MRT-BF和ZF-BF在$ n $的渐近极限上是等效的,因此人工噪声技术是性能指标。此外,我们研究了\ emph {功率规律}对保密率的影响。当BS的发射功率降低到$ 1/N $成比例时,性能在渐近上独立于人工噪声,因此波束成形技术是性能指标。此外,当BS的功率降低到$ 1/\ sqrt {n} $成比例时,所有波束形成和人造噪声方案的组合都是渐近的,与量化噪声无关。我们提出各种数值结果来证实我们的分析。
In this study, we consider the physical layer security in the downlink of a Massive MIMO system employing one-bit quantization at the base station (BS). We assume an active eavesdropper that attempts to spoiling the channel estimation acquisition at the BS for a legitimate user, whereas overhearing on downlink transmission. We consider the two most widespread methods for degrading the eavesdropper's channel, the nullspace artificial noise (NS-AN) and random artificial noise (R-AN). Then, we present a lower bound on the secrecy rate and asymptotic performance, considering zero-forcing beamforming (ZF-BF) and maximum-ratio transmission beamforming (MRT-BF). Our results reveal that even when the eavesdropper is close enough to the intercepted user, a positive secrecy rate --which tends to saturation with increasing the number of BS antennas $N$---is possible, as long as the transmit power of eavesdropper is less than that of the legitimate user during channel training. We show that ZF-BF with NS-AN provides the best performance. It is found that MRT-BF and ZF-BF are equivalent in the asymptotic limit of $N$ and hence the artificial noise technique is the performance indicator. Moreover, we study the impact of \emph{power-scaling law} on the secrecy rate. When the transmit power of BS is reduced proportional to $1/N$, the performance is independent of artificial noise asymptotically and hence the beamforming technique is the performance indicator. In addition, when the BS's power is reduced proportional to $1/\sqrt{N}$, all combinations of beamforming and artificial noise schemes are equally likely asymptotically, independent of quantization noise. We present various numerical results to corroborate our analysis.