论文标题

Debian GNU/Linux软件网络中的进化:类比和基因调节网络的差异

Evolution in the Debian GNU/Linux software network: analogies and differences with gene regulatory networks

论文作者

Villegas, Pablo, Muñoz, Miguel A., Bonachela, Juan A.

论文摘要

生物网络表现出复杂的结构,被认为对其功能至关重要。特别是,在细胞中信息处理中起关键作用的基因调节网络,显示非平凡的体系结构特征,例如无尺度度分布,高模块化和连接基因之间的平均距离较低。这些网络是由复杂的进化过程和自适应过程产生的,难以经验地追踪。另一方面,存在有关开放软件网络的发展(或进化)阶段的详细信息,这些信息是由跨版本自组织增长而产生的。在这里,我们研究了Debian GNU/Linux软件网络的演变,重点是随着时间的推移关键结构和统计特征的变化。我们的结果表明,进化导致了一个网络结构,在该结构中,超级分布不含比例,并且内分布是一个伸展指数。另外,尽管信息流的模块化,元素之间的平均距离增长,但脆弱性随时间而下降。这些功能非常类似于基因调节网络当前显示的功能,这表明存在信息处理网络的架构设计的常见自适应途径。其他分层方面的差异指出了针对类似进化挑战的系统特定解决方案。

Biological networks exhibit intricate architectures deemed to be crucial for their functionality. In particular, gene regulatory networks, which play a key role in information processing in the cell, display non-trivial architectural features such as scale-free degree distributions, high modularity, and low average distance between connected genes. Such networks result from complex evolutionary and adaptive processes difficult to track down empirically. On the other hand, there exists detailed information on the developmental (or evolutionary) stages of open-software networks that result from self-organized growth across versions. Here, we study the evolution of the Debian GNU/Linux software network, focusing on the changes of key structural and statistical features over time. Our results show that evolution has led to a network structure in which the out-degree distribution is scale-free and the in-degree distribution is a stretched exponential. In addition, while modularity, directionality of information flow, and average distance between elements grew, vulnerability decreased over time. These features resemble closely those currently shown by gene regulatory networks, suggesting the existence of common adaptive pathways for the architectural design of information-processing networks. Differences in other hierarchical aspects point to system-specific solutions to similar evolutionary challenges.

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