论文标题

Blazars 3C 66A和B2 1633+38的光学和γ射线光曲线中的准周期行为

Quasi-periodic behaviour in the optical and γ-ray light curves of blazars 3C 66A and B2 1633+38

论文作者

Otero-Santos, J., Acosta-Pulido, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Raiteri, C. M., Larionov, V. M., Peñil, P., Smith, P. S., Niebla, C. Ballester, Borman, G. A., Carnerero, M. I., Segura, N. Castro, Grishina, T. S., Kopatskaya, E. N., Larionova, E. G., Morozova, D. A., Nikiforova, A. A., Savchenko, S. S., Troitskaya, Yu. V., Troitsky, I. S., Vasilyev, A. A., Villata, M.

论文摘要

我们报告了在管家观测台大弹药监测数据样本中包含的两种大麻中发现的准周期变异性:BL LAC对象3C 66A和平面光谱无线电棒AR B2 1633+38。我们从不同的观测值中收集这些来源的V和R频段中的光学光度和偏振数据:圣彼得堡大学,克里米亚天体物理观测值,WebT-GASP,Catalina实时瞬态调查,Steella Wobotic观测值,Stella Robotic观测值和Katzman自动成像望远镜。此外,包括$ \ textit {fermi} $ - LAT对$γ$ ray光曲线的分析。使用三种方法来搜索数据中的任何周期性行为:Z变换离散相关函数,Lomb-Scargle期间图和加权小波Z-Transform。我们发现,在两个来源的光学光度数据中,可能的$ \ sim $ \ sim $ 3年$ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim $ 1633+38,其意义在3 $σ$和5 $σ$之间。仅B2 1633+38显示了在光学两极化数据集的置信度为2 ​​$σ$ -4 $σ$中的证据。这是在B2 1633+38的光学曲线中首次报道的准周期行为的证据。同样,在B2 1633+38的$γ$ ray光曲线中发现了一个准周期性行为,具有置信度级别$ \ geqslant $ 2 $σ$,而在此能量范围内,3c 66a均未观察到3c 66a的周期性。我们提出了不同的喷射发射模型,可以解释这两个来源之间的准周期变异性以及发现的差异。

We report on quasi-periodic variability found in two blazars included in the Steward Observatory Blazar Monitoring data sample: the BL Lac object 3C 66A and the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar B2 1633+38. We collect optical photometric and polarimetric data in V and R bands of these sources from different observatories: St. Petersburg University, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, WEBT-GASP, Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey, Steward Observatory, STELLA Robotic Observatory and Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope. In addition, an analysis of the $γ$-ray light curves from $\textit{Fermi}$-LAT is included. Three methods are used to search for any periodic behaviour in the data: the Z-transform Discrete Correlation Function, the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform. We find evidences of possible quasi-periodic variability in the optical photometric data of both sources with periods of $\sim$3 years for 3C 66A and $\sim$1.9 years for B2 1633+38, with significances between 3$σ$ and 5$σ$. Only B2 1633+38 shows evidence of this behaviour in the optical polarized data set at a confidence level of 2$σ$-4$σ$. This is the first reported evidence of quasi-periodic behaviour in the optical light curve of B2 1633+38. Also a hint of quasi-periodic behaviour is found in the $γ$-ray light curve of B2 1633+38 with a confidence level $\geqslant$2$σ$, while no periodicity is observed for 3C 66A in this energy range. We propose different jet emission models that could explain the quasi-periodic variability and the differences found between these two sources.

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