论文标题
年轻行星K2-33B的模拟质量测量值
Simulated mass measurements of the young planet K2-33b
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，我们使用高精度在加拿大 - 弗朗西·弗朗西·霍瓦伊（Canada-france-Hawaii）的螺丝仪（如Spirou）进行了高精度，进行了8-11 Myr Neptune大小的行星K2-33B质量的径向速度（RV）测量模拟。我们生成一个包含行星标志和逼真的恒星活动信号的RV曲线，该信号的中心波长为1.8 $ $ m $ m，并且与使用K2获得的光曲线统计兼容。建模的活性信号包括时间不断变化的深色和明亮的表面特征的效果，该特征载有一个2 kg径向磁场，从而导致半振幅的RV信号〜30 m/s。假设有一个3个月的可见性窗口，我们建立了RV时间序列，包括高斯白噪声，我们在使用高斯过程回归中过滤恒星活动信号的同时从中检索了行星质量。我们发现，在K2-33上连续3个明亮时间运行的35/50访问允许一个大于3 $σ$的精确度可靠地检测出10和5 m/s的行星RV签名。我们还表明，在某些情况下，30次访问可能最终不足以提供恒星旋转周期的良好覆盖范围，从而导致行星签名可能未被发现，或者质量估计会被大错误所困扰。
In this paper, we carry out simulations of radial velocity (RV) measurements of the mass of the 8-11 Myr Neptune-sized planet K2-33b using high-precision near infrared velocimeters like SPIRou at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. We generate a RV curve containing a planet signature and a realistic stellar activity signal, computed for a central wavelength of 1.8 $μ$m and statistically compatible with the light-curve obtained with K2. The modelled activity signal includes the effect of time-evolving dark and bright surface features hosting a 2 kG radial magnetic field, resulting in a RV signal of semi-amplitude ~30 m/s. Assuming a 3-month visibility window, we build RV time-series including Gaussian white noise from which we retrieve the planet mass while filtering the stellar activity signal using Gaussian Process Regression. We find that 35/50 visits spread over 3 consecutive bright-time runs on K2-33 allow one to reliably detect planet RV signatures of respectively 10 and 5 m/s at precisions larger than 3 $σ$. We also show that 30 visits may end up being insufficient in some cases to provide a good coverage of the stellar rotation cycle, with the result that the planet signature can go undetected or the mass estimation be plagued by large errors.
