论文标题
中子星和天体物理学中的非平衡beta过程中的非平衡层
Nonequilibrium Layer in the Crust of Neutron Stars and Nonequilibrium Beta-Processes in Astrophysics
论文作者
论文摘要
在高密度下，考虑到中子星信封的化学成分的形成。由于热物质在崩溃过程中被压缩，这会导致核心塌陷超新星的爆炸，因此核平衡的阶段具有自由中微子逃脱，\ b {eta} - 过程中的动力学平衡，因此，核能的建立与固定的核能建立了固定的核能。冷物质是在原子量最初不会变化并随后降低的固定核以固定数量的核压缩。可用核融合的曲核反应和数量减少始于结尾。冷物质的压缩伴随着自由中子的质量分数增加。在这种情况下，包膜的化学组成与平衡的化学成分显着不同，并包含相当大的核能存储。非平衡层密度的密度超过非平衡层密度的上限，从而导致加热，核能释放以及可能达到完全热力学平衡状态的可能性。考虑了无序\ b {eta} - 过程的热力学，从而导致物质自由逃生的物质加热。
The formation of the chemical composition of neutron star envelopes, at high densities is considered. As hot matter is compressed in the process of collapse, which leads to the explosion of a core collapse supernova, the stage of nuclear equilibrium with free neutrino escape, kinetic equilibrium in \b{eta}-processes, and, as a result, the establishment of limited nuclear equilibrium with a fixed number of nuclei takes place. Cold matter is compressed at a fixed number of nuclei whose atomic weight initially does not change and subsequently decreases. A pycnonuclear reaction of the fusion of available nuclei and a decrease in their number begin at the end. The compression of cold matter is accompanied by an increase in the mass fraction of free neutrons. In this case, the chemical composition of the envelope differs significantly from the equilibrium one and contains a considerable store of nuclear energy. Nonequilibrium \b{eta}-reactions proceed at densities exceeding the upper bound for the non-equilibrium layer density, which lead to heating, nuclear energy release, and the possible attainment of a state of complete thermodynamic equilibrium. The thermodynamics of nonequilibrium \b{eta}-processes, which lead to the heating of matter as neutrinos escape freely, is considered.
