论文标题
突然深度变化触发的异常波：实验室实验和截短的KDV统计力学
Anomalous waves triggered by abrupt depth changes: laboratory experiments and truncated KdV statistical mechanics
论文作者
论文摘要
Bolles等人最近的实验室实验。 （2019年）表明，底部地形的突然变化会触发随机表面波中的异常统计。受这些观察的动机，Majda等人。 （2019年）基于对截短的Korteweg-De Vries（TKDV）系统的确定性和统计分析开发了一个理论框架，该系统成功捕获了实验的关键定性特征，包括在即将即将爆发的波浪场中的异常统计数据的稳健出现，包括强烈的偏度。在这里，我们将这些并行的实验和建模工作扩展到了几个新发现，这些发现是由于两者之间的协同相互作用而产生的。通过将模型参数与物理参数相关，我们将模型的逆温度校准到实验中存在的特定条件，从而允许进行定量比较。我们发现理论上预测表面位移的分布，以使实验测量与令人惊讶的细节相匹配。在TKDV Hamiltonian中存在表面斜率的提示，我们提出了有关表面斜率统计的新实验测量结果，并将其与模拟预测进行了比较。对TKDV的一些确定性轨迹的分析阐明了统计过渡到偏斜状态所需的实验长度和时间尺度。最后，该理论预测了传出的位移偏度与斜率方差变化之间的特殊关系，特别是它们的比率如何取决于波幅度和深度比率。新的实验测量以壮观的方式证实了这一预测。
Recent laboratory experiments of Bolles et al. (2019) demonstrate that an abrupt change in bottom topography can trigger anomalous statistics in randomized surface waves. Motivated by these observations, Majda et al. (2019) developed a theoretical framework, based on deterministic and statistical analysis of the truncated Korteweg-de Vries (TKdV) system, that successfully captures key qualitative features of the experiments, including the robust emergence of anomalous statistics and heightened skewness in the outgoing wavefield. Here, we extend these parallel experimental and modeling efforts with several new findings that have resulted from a synergetic interaction between the two. By precisely relating model parameters to physical ones, we calibrate the model inverse temperature to the specific conditions present in the experiments, thereby permitting a quantitative comparison. We find theoretically predicted distributions of surface displacement to match the experimental measurements with surprising detail. Prompted by the presence of surface slope in the TKdV Hamiltonian, we present new experimental measurements on surface slope statistics and compare them to model predictions. Analysis of some deterministic trajectories of TKdV elucidates the experimental length and time scales required for the statistical transition to a skewed state. Finally, the theory predicts a peculiar relationship between the outgoing displacement skewness and the change in slope variance, specifically how their ratio depends on the wave amplitude and depth ratio. New experimental measurements confirm this prediction in spectacular fashion.
